Digital Twins of the Ocean (DTOs) are high-resolution, multi-dimensional virtual representations of the real ocean. They integrate observational data, models, and knowledge across different research domains – enabling a better understanding of highly complex marine processes and interactions with human activities.

DTOs are continuously updated with data from e.g. satellite observations and measurement buoys. Integrating AI, numerical as well as socio-ecological models, and using sophisticated interactive visualizations, DTOs are tailored to specific use cases and users. They are unique tools to empower scientists, citizens as well as policymakers to make informed decisions. We envision DTOs as important measures for studying, sustainably using, and protecting the upwelling region off the Northwestern African coast and Cape Verde archipelago.